StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...

Immunities: Immunities enjoyed by state officials - Essay Example

Cite this document
Summary
Immunities Enjoyed by State Officials from International Criminal Prosecution I. Introduction Statutes on immunity are important in international law. States can invoke the statutes to prevent that arrest of their personnel and the statutes can be instruments for peace to keep negotiations ongoing among countries…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER94.1% of users find it useful
Immunities: Immunities enjoyed by state officials
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Immunities: Immunities enjoyed by state officials"

Download file to see previous pages

In addition, the work also examines the implications of the UK State Immunity Act of 1978. II. International Statutes on Immunity and UK’s State Immunity Act of 1978 Some of the more important international statutes on immunity are the 1948 Conventions for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, the 1961 United Nations Vienna Convention. In the UK, the State Immunity Act of 1978 is an important statute on immunity of state officials from prosecution. 1. 1948 Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide Article 4 of the 1948 Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide states that persons committing genocide, conspiracy to commit genocide, directing and inciting the public to commit genocide, attempting to commit genocide, and have involve themselves in genocide shall be punished, “whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials, or private officials.

” It follows from the 1948 UN Convention that state officials are subject to prosecution for genocide. However, the 1948 UN Convention does not say if countries can unilaterally arrest state officials for alleged involvement in genocide. Section 9 of the 1948 Convention prescribed that issues involving the responsibility of a State for genocide should be submitted to the International Court of Justice. 2. The 1961 United Nations Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations The 1961 United Nations Vienna Convention agreed on several points on immunity.

First, under article 29, diplomatic agents are considered not liable to any form of arrest or detention and receiving states are even required to treat them with respect and prevent attacks on their persons. Second, under article 31, private residences, including papers and correspondences of diplomatic agents, are required to be protected by receiving states. Third, under article 31, diplomatic agent enjoys immunity from criminal, civil, and administrative jurisdiction except in relation to “private immovable property” in the receiving state.

Fourth, under article 32, immunity of diplomatic agents may be waived by the sending state. Fifth, under article 35, diplomatic agents are exempt from all personal services in favour of the receiving states. Fifth, under article 37, members of the technical and administrative staff of a mission, together with their families, enjoy privileges and immunities enjoyed by diplomatic officials but the immunity do not extend to acts outside of their official duties. Sixth, under article 39 point 2, persons enjoying immunities shall enjoy the immunities even when their functions have ended until the moment that they have left the country within a reasonable expiration period even in an armed conflict.

Seventh, under article 39 point 3, members of the family of members of a diplomatic mission shall enjoy immunity until they have left the country or until a reasonable expiration period even when the member of the diplomatic mission has died. Eight, under article 40, third States are required to provide to official communication and correspondence the same protection provided by receiving states, including messages in code or cipher. Ninth, under article 41 point 2, members of missions enjoying privileges and immunities shall have the duty to respect the laws and regulations of receiving states and are required not to interfere in the internal affairs

...Download file to see next pages Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Immunities: Immunities enjoyed by state officials Essay”, n.d.)
Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/macro-microeconomics/1426190-immunities-immunities-enjoyed-by-state-officials
(Immunities: Immunities Enjoyed by State Officials Essay)
https://studentshare.org/macro-microeconomics/1426190-immunities-immunities-enjoyed-by-state-officials.
“Immunities: Immunities Enjoyed by State Officials Essay”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/macro-microeconomics/1426190-immunities-immunities-enjoyed-by-state-officials.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Immunities: Immunities enjoyed by state officials

Are immunities of senior state officials applicable to jus cogens violations

As such, the question whether acts of state officials are applicable to violations of jus cogens is necessary to be tackled in the light of several cases decided by the International Court of Justice (ICJ for brevity) and in recent times, by the International Criminal Court (ICC) under the Rome Statute.... It is well to be emphasized at the outset that under the present generally accepted principles of international law, heads of states and senior state officials are not exempted from the responsibility in the international community for international crimes....
12 Pages (3000 words) Essay

Lawful Discrimination

lessy is recognized as a legitimate citizen of the United States and is entitled to equal rights and privileges being enjoyed by a white American.... How many times have officials captured a suspected runaway slave or remained indifferent to others but ended up capturing or letting go of the wrong person Anthony Burns experienced being tried in the courts of human beings.... As what a national government implements laws to a country, a state should all the more impose and adhere to the laws put forward by the national government since the general welfare has to be taken care of....
3 Pages (750 words) Essay

Rise of Qin in China

The Qin dynasty marked a new period in history of China but the essential components of Qin's new regime were created in the centuries prior to 221, while other vital elements of an imperial state were crafted only in the Han or still later.... Historians suppose that the Qin state came to political area late because of political and social problems affected Chinese society.... During the subsequent Warring States period, incessant wars and annexations were conducted among the remaining states until the unification of China under the domination of the sole surviving Qin state in 221 B....
12 Pages (3000 words) Essay

The Idea of Immunity of State Officials

If we take a closer look at the laws and treaties governing the United States and its visiting foreign state officials, there has not really been a clear cut policy of government on the extent of the immunity enjoyed by state officials form prosecution for international offences (Bederman D.... The idea of immunity of state officials from prosecution for international offenses stems from the principle of equality among states and that a state is free from the jurisdiction of another state (Manaczuk P 1997 also cited in Tunks M....
9 Pages (2250 words) Essay

Diplomatic Immunity of a Citizen of a Foreign Country

Whether a diplomatic agent is entitled to diplomatic immunity is a matter for the state Department to decide.... Once the United States Department of state has regularly… ed a visitor to the United States as having diplomatic status, the courts are bound to accept that determination, since this is construed as a nonreviewable political decision.... For instance, when the state Department, in making a certification, not only rules upon a persons diplomatic status but also states a conclusion of law in making the determination, the determination is reviewable, that is looked at, by the courts....
5 Pages (1250 words) Essay

Immunity of Senior State Officials

This brief essay "Immunity of Senior state officials" presents a discussion about state immunity.... hellip; It should be clear from the previous discussion that heads of states and senior state officials get respect and immunities because they must act in the highest moral tradition.... A nation or peoples who accept morally disgraceful persons as their senior state officials can only blame themselves and are responsible for their downfall.... Thus, heads of state, senior state officials, and diplomats were immune from any examination of their conduct by other states....
9 Pages (2250 words) Essay

British Constitution and the Rule of Law

Second, everyone is equal before the law; and this equality applies to every class of society, and even the government officials.... All classes of people and government officials were to be treated equally before the law.... Moreover, the exercise of power by the government, which has no legal justification, cannot be justified on the grounds of state expediency....
10 Pages (2500 words) Case Study

Why Had Socio-Economic Rights Enjoyed Less Prominence than Civil Rights in Modern European History

The decision behind the European Union is to make the inter-regional and inter-state trading much easier (European Commission.... The "Why had Socio-Economic Rights enjoyed Less Prominence than Civil Rights in Modern European History" paper provides evidence of why civil rights are gaining importance in modern European history considering the past and current situation in Europe....
7 Pages (1750 words) Research Paper
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us